What is the Problem of Evil?

The problem of evil (PoE) is a philosophical argument. It is probably the strongest argument an atheist might have to justify atheism. It is said that the existence of evil proves that God is either not all good or not all powerful (and therefore does not exist as defined by monotheistic faiths). If God does not want evil to exist then he is not all that good. If he simply cannot stop evil then he is not all that powerful. 

"Been there, tried that. '1+1+1 does not equal one.'"  I have heard this math operation as a proof that the Trinity can't exist before. It is a very popularized Muslim objection to the Trinity. I never quite understood it and I am not sure why we should assume the operation for such a question would be addition. Why not multiplication? 1 x 1 x 1 = 1 after all.  Voila! Problem solved.

"Been there, tried that. '1+1+1 does not equal one.'" 

Does God value liberty?  There are two ways to answer this question. The first is with reason. Evil exists because God values free creatures that choose good (and therefore are capable of choosing evil) more than he values the absence of evil. The fall of man is evidence of this. God created man and gave him opportunity to choose freely. God values Liberty.

Paul the Apostle said that...

"I have become all things to all people, so that by all means I may save some."  (1 Corinthians 9:22b)

Acts 17 is an example where Paul becomes a philosopher to reason with philosophers. Of particular interest is Paul's willingness to provide reference to God with the idol of the unknown God.